LL.B. (cum laude) (1970), Jerusalem; LL.M. and S.J.D Harvard Law School; Member of the Ontario Bar; specializing in in commercial banking, particularly payments, negotiable instruments and digital currencies. Professor of Law, Osgoode Hall Law School of York University, Toronto, Canada; founding Editor of the Banking and Finance Law Review; and author of Financing Consumer Sales and Product Defences, The Law of Electronic Funds Transfers, Bank Collections and Payment Transactions, The Payment Order of Antiquity and the Middle Ages: A Legal History and The Evolution and Future of Money in Canda. Co-author of International negotiable Instruments. Under the IMF technical assistance program he advised and drafted key financial sector legislation, particularly payment laws, in several developing and post-conflict countries (particularly in the former Yugoslavia, Cambodia, Sri Lanka, and Timor-Leste). For the WB/IFC he advised and drafted for Ethiopia a code governing banking transactions, payments and negotiable instruments. For the ADB he assessed the legal ability and readiness of Bhutan to issue CBDC. Was Counsel (part-time), payments and cards group in Torys LLP, Toronto.
Writer of numerous articles particularly on funds transfers, negotiable instruments, and digital currencies; held numerous visiting positions in United States universities (Chicago, Illinois, Northwestern, Duke program in Hong Kong, and Utah), Australia (Melbourne, Monash, Deakin and Sydney), Israel (Tel Aviv), Singapore (National University of Singapore), as well as in France (Aix en Provence) and Germany (Hamburg); also held research fellowships at Oxford University, Cambridge University, Max-Planck Institute for Comparative and Private International Law (Hamburg), New York University, University of Vienna and UNCITRAL; member of MOCOMILA (Monetary Law committee of the International Lawyers Association); participants in projects and working groups working on and drafting domestic and international legislation on personal property security, securities transfers, letters of credit, payment systems, and documents of title (transport documents and warehouse receipts).